How CBD Can Help Your Brain

After the legalization of cannabidiol (CBD) from the 2018 Farm Bill, it became easier to conduct scientific research con cannabis. [1] CBD has been promoted as an anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety, and possible sleep aid. In addition to these potential health benefits CBD have been recently shown to play a role in enhancing neurogenesis.

 

What is Neurogenesis, and Why does it Matter?

Neurogenesis is the brain’s ability to form new neurons and neuropathways. [2] Most neurogenesis happens during embryonic development when stem cells form into specific parts of the brain. In the 1990s, adult neurogenesis proved to be a normal and health aspect of adult brain development as well. [3] For adults, neurogenesis has been shown to occur in 3 places within the brain: the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the subventricular zone (SVZ).

 

CBD and Neurogenesis

In a 2021 study, cannabis was shown to have a link to increased neurogenesis. [4] Previous experiments found that small doses of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can stimulate neurogenesis in rats, as CBD does.[5][6] It should be noticed that THC leads to cognitive impairment at large dosages while large chronic dosages of CBD result in no effects on neurogenesis. The behavior of CBD can be explained by the desensitivization of cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB₁) receptors which became not able anymore to promote neurogenesis after high repeated CBD doses. [4]

CBD could be aple to Adult neurogenesis is linked to multiple psychological and neurological disorders. [7] For some, CBD may be a potential effective solution for dealing with depression and anxiety. For others, it may mean limiting cognitive decline with age through stimulating memory retention. In severe cases, CBD promoted-increased neurogenesis may prove effective against Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, or other neurological disorders. If CBD will be able to accomplish this without the cognitive decline associated with higher doses of THC, there is a very realistic opportunity that a new division of pharmacology with CBD based medication will appear. Further pre-clinical and clinical studies should be done in order to assess and proof the efficacy of this plant-derived compound in the neurogenesis increase.

 

References:

 

[1] Food and Drug Administration. (2019, July 24). Hemp Production and the 2018 Farm Bill. In https://www.fda.gov/news-events/congressional-testimony/hemp-production-and-2018-farm-bill-07252019. FDA.gov. Retrieved September 29, 2022, from https://www.fda.gov/news-events/congressional-testimony/hemp-production-and-2018-farm-bill-07252019

 

[2] The University of Queensland. (n.d.). What is neurogenesis? The University of Queensland, Australia. Retrieved September 29, 2022, from https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain-basics/brain-physiology/whatneurogenesis#:~:text=Neurogenesis%20is%20the%20process%20by,birth%20and%20throughout%20our%20lifespan

 

[3] Saharan, S., Jhaveri, D. J., & Bartlett, P. F. (2013, February 13). SIRT1 regulates the neurogenic potential of neural precursors in the adult subventricular zone and hippocampus. Journal of Neuroscience Research, 91(5), 642–659. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.23199. [Journal impact factor = 4.164] [Times cited = 90]

 

[4] Valeri A, Mazzon E. Cannabinoids and Neurogenesis: The Promised Solution for Neurodegeneration? Molecules. 2021 Oct 19;26(20):6313. doi: 10.3390/molecules26206313. [Journal impact factor = 4.927] [Times cited = 3]

 

[5] Suliman, N. A., Taib, C. N. M., Moklas, M. A. M., & Basir, R. (2017, September 21). Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) Induce Neurogenesis and Improve Cognitive Performances of Male Sprague Dawley Rats. Neurotoxicity Research, 33(2), 402–411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-017-9806-x. [Journal impact factor = 3.911] [Times cited = 45]

 

[6] Schiavon AP, Bonato JM, Milani H, Guimarães FS, Weffort de Oliveira RM. Influence of single and repeated cannabidiol administration on emotional behavior and markers of cell proliferation and neurogenesis in non-stressed mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2016 Jan 4;64:27-34. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.06.017. [Journal impact factor = 4.88] [Times cited = 105]

 

[7] Zhao, C., Deng, W., & Gage, F. H. (2008, February). Mechanisms and Functional Implications of Adult Neurogenesis. Cell, 132(4), 645–660. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2008.01.033. [Journal impact factor = 41.582] [Times cited = 3494]

 

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Purchasing & Consuming CBD Flowers

CBD flower has come a long way from relative obscurity to household name over the last decade.
This is in no small part due to the adult-use measures passed by numerous U.S. states and the 2018 Farm Bill that essentially legalized hemp-derived cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), and other such compounds. Consumers now have an ability to order a litany of CBD products and flowers online at a cheap price. This affordability provides incentives for consumers to purchase CBD flowers in bulk to smoke at their leisure versus the high price tag of cigarettes and electronic vape devices that potentially put them at much more of a risk health-wise. [1]

Non-psychoactive, CBD does not give the consumer a typical “high” whereas it is able to help fight inflammation, anxiety, and pain among other beneficial effects. [2] Specific terpenes inherent in certain CBD strains contribute to the “entourage” of medicinally beneficial effects of the flower as well.

 

Cultivating a better sense of well-being

Breeders ensure to maximize the CBD levels of certain cultivars during the cultivation process just as the other breeders do with their THC counterparts. The smell, taste, and appearance of CBD flower the same to THC-rich cannabis, however it contains less than 0.3% THC while boasting CBD content that test in the 15 – 25% range.

By reducing the pain threshold, CBD flower is able to let people experience a better sense of well being and quality-of-life. Sparking up a joint, bowl, or dry-herb vaporizer full of ground-up, and flavorful strains like the top-shelf purple known as Alpen Gleux, or even just the CBD version of your favorite psychoactive strains remind of us of our inherent desire to just flat-out feel good. This is especially true without the entanglements of widespread addiction and non-beneficial side effects that come with cigarette and e-liquid vaporizers. [1]

 

Tips for purchasing CBD flower

There’s literally hundreds of online retailers that are selling CBD and CBG flower directly to your doorstep since the passage of the 2018 Farm Bill in the US Congress. As with anything being purchased online always do your research – read reviews, talk to friends, check online cannabis forums, and compare quality vs. price. A lot of the time since there are so many different vendors at any given time, you can find a diamond in the rough type of CBD company or farm that has well-reviewed, well-cultivated CBD flower for sale at a great price.. There’s a surplus of quality CBD flower out there – all you have to do is find it!

Integrity is especially important when it involves putting a product into your body regularly. That’s why buying a brand of CBD flower with accessible lab report records is so important. Lab reports provide details on just how much CBD your flower contains, and also confirm to the consumer that the flowers they purchased passed all mandatory regulations and ensures no harmful contaminants are present.

With so many options of CBD flowers on the market for consumers to pick from, be sure to make the right choices for not just your wallet but your well-being too.

 

References:

[1] Marques, P., Piqueras, L. & Sanz, MJ. An updated overview of e-cigarette impact on human health. Respir Res 22, 151 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-021-01737-5. [journal impact factor = 7.162; times cited = 51]

 

[2] De Petrocellis, L., Ligresti, A., Moriello, A. S., Allarà, M., Bisogno, T., Petrosino, S., et al. (2011). Effects of cannabinoids and cannabinoid-enriched Cannabis extracts on TRP channels and endocannabinoid metabolic enzymes. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2011. 163, 1479–1494. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01166.x [journal impact factor = 3.50; times cited = 788]

 

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CBD for Muscle Recovery

Anyone who takes fitness seriously knows that proper muscle recovery is essential for achieving peak performance. However, there are a lot of different products and treatments out there, and it can be hard to know which ones work.

This is where cannabidiol (CBD) comes in. CBD has numerous health benefits that can help with muscle recovery, including reducing inflammation and pain.

 

CBD for Muscle Recovery After an Injury

When you suffer a sport injury, the first thing you want is relief from the pain. Unfortunately, over-the-counter pain medications don’t always do the trick, and they can come with some unpleasant side effects like stomach ulcers and kidney damage.

CBD, on the other hand, is a natural pain reliever, effective in reducing both acute and chronic pain. Moreover, CBD can also help reduce inflammation, key factor in the healing process. For these reasons, CBD is an ideal treatment for sports injuries. [1]

More research is still needed, but a recently published review  assess that “evidence supporting the potential use of CBD as an ergogenic aid to improve the efficacy and efficiency of recovery processes during exercise and sport-related fatigue seems promising”. [2]

 

CBD for Reducing Muscle Soreness During Training

Anybody who has ever gone through a tough workout knows that feeling of muscle soreness the next day. This soreness is caused by microscopic tears in your muscles which occur during strenuous activity. While it might sound bad, this soreness is a good sign. It means your muscles are getting stronger. However, that doesn’t make the soreness any less painful.

Luckily, CBD can help here as well. This cannabinoid has been shown to relieve muscle soreness by reducing inflammation and promoting blood flow. This means it can help you recover from workouts faster and get back to training sooner.

Whether you’re suffering from an acute sports injury or just looking for a way to reduce muscle soreness during training, CBD could be the answer you’re looking for. If you’re considering using CBD for muscle recovery, be sure to talk to your doctor first to make sure it’s right for you. Always purchase CBD products from reputable sources to ensure they are safe and effective.

 

References:

1- McCartney, D. et al. Cannabidiol and Sports Performance: a Narrative Review of Relevant Evidence and Recommendations for Future – Research. Sports Med Open. 2020. 6: 27. 1186/s40798-020-00251-0 [Times Cited: 10] [Journal Impact Factor: 4.491]

 

2- Rojas-Valverde, D. Potential Role of Cannabidiol on Sports Recovery: A Narrative Review. Front Physiol. 2021; 12: 722550. https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffphys.2021.722550 [Times Cited: 3] [Journal Impact Factor: 4.566]

 

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CBD and Eye Health

As more people start taking cannabidiol (CBD), doctors are becoming more concerned with the potential side effects. In the past years, several studies have shown that CBD can help various conditions related to eye health, nevertheless with some possible risks associated.

 

Currently, no studies directly link CBD to improving the health of your eyes. It does not help improve vision or reduce astigmatism.
Nevertheless among the positive effects of CBD on health, pain management can help maintain some of the integrity of your nerves and muscle tissue. In addition, CBD can help reduce migraines and other brain related issues that can cause side effects in your eyes. For many people, using CBD oil can help reduce the risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity, which risks damage to your eyes. Simply reducing pain can help people move around and get more exercise, which helps improve a person’s overall health.

 

CBD increases the risk of blindness, retinal detachment, and nerve pain for people with glaucoma and other pressure-sensitive issues.
One specific study [1] shows that using CBD raises the pressure inside the eye by 18% and can last at least 4 hours. For people with pre-existing glaucoma conditions, this can be a sight-threatening issue. It appears that the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB₁ ) in the eye raises ocular pressure, which is one of the two ways CBD increases intraocular pressure.

 

Other studies on whole-cannabis plant found that the psychotropic compound tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can help reduce glaucoma symptoms. However, THC is still illegal.
Because of this risk, ophthalmologists have recommended people not use CBD as an overall systemic supplement. Likewise, ophthalmologists do not recommend using THC because of its hallucinogenic effects. If you are taking CBD, it’s highly recommended you speak to your ophthalmologist about your risk of glaucoma or other eye problems.

 

References:

[1] Sally Miller, Laura Daily, Emma Leishman, Heather Bradshaw, Alex Straiker; Δ⁹-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol Differentially Regulate Intraocular Pressure. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2018;59(15):5904-5911. doi: https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.18-24838.
[Journal impact factor = 4.799] [Times cited = 59]

 

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Can CBD help with Detoxification?

The medical benefits of cannabidiol (CBD) seem to be growing by the day. There is ample evidence of anti-inflammatory and antianxiety effects, but a new benefit is quickly emerging: detoxification.[1] Multiple studies have examined the use of CBD as a detoxifying agent, and the results are promising.

 

Helping to Quit Smoking

Quitting cigarettes can be difficult, and there is no single effective strategy in doing so. Some can manage withdrawal symptoms, while others rely on nicotine gum or patches to ween off of nicotine. Nevertheless a study showed that 800 mg of CBD can help relieve the cravings of cigarette smokers more effectively compared to a placebo. [2] This is a common quitting method known as the replacement method, but the results are more promising than in the past. [3] Often, individuals employing the replacement method find another substance that is equally or more harmful to replace the cravings. As CBD has no psychoactive effects, it has the potential to limit habit-forming behavior while effectively reducing nicotine cravings.

 

Using CBD for Opioid Detoxification

Over the last several decades, opioid use has steadily risen to the point where it can be classified as an epidemic. [4] While this is a complicated issue, involving legal loopholes, profit motives of pharmaceutical companies and healthcare providers, and the deaths of millions of Americans, a bigger issue remains. The best way to treat the patients recovering from opioid addiction is still unknown, but in one study published by the Journal of American Psychology, CBD showed signs of relieving cravings and anxiety in opioid addicts. [4] The study argues that these are two of the main sources of relapse, and may help fight opioid addiction. Similar to nicotine addicts, this may also serve as an effective replacement strategy.

 

Prospects for the Future

While these studies are promising, they are not conclusive. Relieving anxiety and physical pain can be helpful in terms of detoxification, but that may be as far as CBD goes. Addiction to any substance is complicated, and varies from individual to individual. CBD may help to increase detox effectiveness, but more research is needed.

 

References:

[1] White, C. M. (2019, February 7). A Review of Human Studies Assessing Cannabidiol’s (CBD) Therapeutic Actions and Potential. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 59(7), 923–934. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcph.1387 [Journal impact factor = 2.812] [Times cited = 171 ]

 

[2] D Balfour, N Benowitz, K Fagerström, M Kunze, U Keil, Diagnosis and treatment of nicotine dependence with emphasis on nicotine replacement therapy. A status report, European Heart Journal, Volume 21, Issue 6, 1 March 2000, Pages 438–445, https://doi.org/10.1053/euhj.1999.1949 [Journal impact factor = 29.983] [Times cited = 145]

 

[3] King, N. B., Fraser, V., Boikos, C., Richardson, R., & Harper, S. (2014, August). Determinants of Increased Opioid-Related Mortality in the United States and Canada, 1990–2013: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Public Health, 104(8), e32–e42. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2014.301966 [Journal impact factor = 9.308] [Times cited = 327]

 

[4] Hurd, Y. L., Spriggs, S., Alishayev, J., Winkel, G., Gurgov, K., Kudrich, C., Oprescu, A. M., & Salsitz, E. (2019, November 1). Cannabidiol for the Reduction of Cue-Induced Craving and Anxiety in Drug-Abstinent Individuals With Heroin Use Disorder: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. American Journal of Psychiatry, 176(11), 911–922. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.18101191 [Journal impact factor = 19.242] [Times cited = 192]

 

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What is THCV?

As more research is done on the cannabis plant, it’s inevitable that new and interesting properties are discovered. Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) is a minor cannabinoid found usually in much smaller quantities than the well-known cannabis major constituents tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). THCV shows great promise in a number of areas that warrant a great deal more study and exploration.

 

THCV vs THC

As the name suggests, THCV is very similar to THC in terms of chemical structure. However, there are a number of key differences. First, THCV is not produced in nearly the same quantities as THC within the cannabis plant: as a minor cannabinoid, it is only found in trace quantities. Nevertheless some cultivars have higher concentrations of THCV, but they’re still nowhere near those of THC.

THCV also doesn’t share the same intoxicating effects as THC. Studies [1] support the fact that THCV is a cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB₁) antagonist capable of counteracting the psychotropic effects of THC, while it is a CB₁ receptor agonist and CB₂ partial agonist at high dosages. [2]

 

What are the Effects of THCV?

THCV’s claim to fame is as an appetite suppressant. [3] In fact, it’s currently being investigated as a potential treatment for obesity. That’s because it’s also reported to boost the metabolism.

THCV has also been studied for its ability to moderate blood sugar levels. THCV has shown that it can possibly regulate blood sugar, making it a potential treatment for type-2 diabetes. At the same time, THCV has been reported to minimize tremors associated with Alzheimer’s disease and promote bone growth in patients suffering from osteoporosis.

While the full range of THCV’s effects aren’t known, it’s clear that this cannabinoid shows serious therapeutic potential.

 

 

References:

[1] Thomas A, Stevenson LA, Wease KN, Price MR, Baillie G, Ross RA, Pertwee RG. Evidence that the plant cannabinoid Delta9-tetrahydrocannabivarin is a cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonist. Br J Pharmacol. 2005 Dec;146(7):917-26. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706414. PMID: 16205722; PMCID: PMC1751228. [Journal impact factor = 8.739] [times cited = 196]

 

[2] Pertwee RG (January 2008). “The diverse CB1 and CB2 receptor pharmacology of three plant cannabinoids: delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and delta9-tetrahydrocannabivarin”. British Journal of Pharmacology. 153 (2): 199–215. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707442 [Journal impact factor = 8.739] [times cited = 1801]

 

[3] https://www.healthline.com/health/substance-use/thcv

 

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Marketing CBD as a Plant-Based Alternative

Plant-based products are more popular than ever. More people are on plant-based diets, or prefer using products derived from plants. With the plant-based market growing every day, different types of products are becoming more popular. Cannabidiol (CBD) is starting to get recognized in the market for its versatility. With CBD being an easily accessible plant derived product, many are curious about what all this kind of products can offer.

More people are going plant based because of the health benefits. Plant-based diets are better for heart health and boost your immune system. People appreciate plant derived cleaning products, medications and care and wellness products because of the short and safe ingredient list, the absence of harmful chemicals and generally the lower environmental impact. The market is oversaturated with cheap products that are filled with chemicals and impurities, both of which can be detrimental for the environment and for our bodies.[1]

CBD is a great alternative for people who don’t have access to prescription medication or simply don’t want to treat health conditions with the allopathic approach. Only a small amount of CBD is needed before feeling the benefits. CBD is also a great option for people who want simple and effective formulation ingredients. As more research is being done on CBD, many potential therapeutic effects are confirmed both of the compound alone and together with other cannabis constituents.

Some of the many health benefits of CBD include treating skin conditions, chronic pain, inflammation, migraines, anxiety or sleeping disorders. [2][3]

Despite the plant source and the potential benefits, CBD containing food and supplements are not considered legal by the US Food and Drug Adrministration (FDA), even if these products are still allowed in some states. To date, FDA has approved only one CBD-based prescription drug, Epidiolex, while making any drug or health claims about CBD products is prohibited as adding cannabinoids into food and beverages. [4]

 

References:

[1] Trautwein EA, McKay S. The Role of Specific Components of a Plant-Based Diet in Management of Dyslipidemia and the Impact on Cardiovascular Risk. Nutrients. 2020;12(9):2671. Published 2020 Sep 1. doi:10.3390/nu12092671 [Times cited=24] [Journal impact factor=5.719]

 

[2] McDonagh MS, Morasco BJ, Wagner J, et al. Cannabis-Based Products for Chronic Pain : A Systematic Review. Ann Intern Med. 2022;175(8):1143-1153. doi:10.7326/M21-4520 [times cited=3] [Journal impact factor=51.6]

 

[3] Sarris J, Sinclair J, Karamacoska D, Davidson M, Firth J. Medicinal cannabis for psychiatric disorders: a clinically-focused systematic review. BMC Psychiatry. 2020;20(1):24. Published 2020 Jan 16. doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2409-8 [Times cited=30] [Journal impact factor=4.144]

 

[4] https://www.bigcommerce.com/articles/selling-cbd-online/

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